Epidemiology and Outcome of Diffuse Axonal Injury- A Study in a Tertiary Centre in Eastern India
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine,
2022, Volume 9, Issue 3, Pages 2713-2718
Abstract
Background:Trauma to the head is an increasing cause of mortality and morbidity in today’s modern world with increasing number of road traffic accidents being the most common cause of head injuries. Among the various types of head injury Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI) is the type which is often associated with prolonged hospitalisation andhas a high rate of morbidity and mortality.Moreover those who survive are often dependent on others for daily activities.Materials and Methods: The study was a prospective cohortstudy carried out at Calcutta National Medical College Kolkata on patients admitted with head injury through the emergency department over a period from 1stJanuary 2015 to 31st December 2020.The patients were followed up at monthly intervals following discharge for a period of six months.
Results: Thestudy found that the most common causes of Diffuse Axonal Injury were Road Traffic Accidents, followed by falls and assaults. Out of 168 patients admitted with Diffuse Axonal Injury who were included in the study 8 patientsdied during hospitalisationwhile10 patientswere discharged fully recovered whilethe remaining150 patientswere discharged either in a vegetative condition or with varying degrees of dependence for daily activities.
Conclusion: Diffuse Axonal Injury is a type of brain injury causing significant morbidity and mortality especially affecting the younger people and hence causing huge economic burden on society as a whole and increased preventive measures seems to be the best way to prevent this type of injury
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