Abstract

Background
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is recognized as a major medical problem
worldwide. Electrocardiogram (ECG) remains an essential tool despite the development of
modern technologies, for evaluation of cardiovascular disease.
Aim
To study the electrocardiographic findings along with the associations with the laboratory
variables and prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias in patients of chronic kidney disease
undergoing haemodialysis.
Method
The study was conducted on 100 in-patients who were undergoing Haemodialysis in G.R.
Medical College, Gwalior. A standard 12 lead ECG was obtained just before and after the
haemodialysis procedure. The electrocardiograms was reviewed on descriptive reports of
variables: Rhythm, Heart rate , P wave abnormalities, LVH, QT interval/ QTc, ST segment
changes. Patient was placed on the Holter monitor for 24 hours just an hour before the
dialysis.
Result
In the study subjects , there were 51% of them who had serum creatinine of (5.1-10mg/dL)
and 2% had serum creatinine of ( > 20 mg/dL). There were 37% of the study subjects who
were Smoking and 27% of them were Alcoholics, 81% were Hypertensives , 19% were
having Diabetes Mellitus and 14 % were Obese. It was observed that 5% of the subjects
showed Atrial Fibrillation on ECG after Dialysis and 95% of them showed a Sinus
Rhythm. Changes in the ST segment and Tall T wave on ECG were observed in 25% and
35% of the study subjects. Supraventricular Ectopic findings were observed in 19% before
dialysis and 48% during dialysis and 15% after dialysis respectively. On ECHO, 60% of
subjects showed Left Ventricle Hypertrophy and 28% had Diastolic dysfunction.