Abstract

Abdominal trauma continues to be a serious public health pathological state worldwide
and it is related to high morbidity and mortality in every country.The challenge in the
imaging of abdominal trauma is to accurately identify injuries that require early
medical attention and at the same time avoid unnecessary surgical interventions.This
has been made possible by the invention of imaging techniques like ultrasonography
(USG), computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which
shows the site and extent of the injury accurately. The Multi-Detector Computed
Tomography (MDCT) is a major advancement in the evaluation of patients with
abdominal trauma by offering decreased scanning time, increased resolution and
reduced motion artifacts. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of
Multidetector computed tomography (M.D.C.T) in the evaluation of patients with acute
and chronic abdominal trauma or polytrauma. At the outset of the study, a detailed
history was taken, general physical examination and relevant laboratory examination
findings were recorded.The injuries were classified,categorize and tabulated, subjected
to quantitative statistical analysis, and valid conclusions were drawn. Total 50 patients
with abdominal trauma, 43(86%) male and 7 (14%) female patients were observed.
Roadside accidents (RSA) were the most common cause of abdominal trauma 66%(33
cases) followed by 12%(6 cases) of physical assault, Gunshot injuries 12%(6 cases), and
stab injury 5 (10%) of all cases.The most common injured organ was the liver followed
by the spleen and the kidney with several cases 19(38%), 15(30%), and 14 (28%)
respectively. The bowel or gastrointestinal injury was seen in 6 (12%) cases, adrenal
gland injury was seen in 4 (8%) and penile injury was seen in only 1(2%) case. The
pelvic fracture was seen in 3 (6%) cases out of all injuries.Therefore, MDCT evaluation
for early assessment and grading or classify the injuries as per imaging
features/appearance which ultimately helps the clinician to take better & quick
decisions for the management of the patient thus reducing the morbidity and mortality.