European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus has become a serious public health problem due to its rising prevalence. The number of diabetes patients has been rising due to population and urbanization expansion, rising obesity, sedentary lifestyle and patients with DM living longer. Complications of diabetes are blindness, amputations, renal disease, anemia, cardiovascular disease, brain issues, and lowered quality of life. We in the current study tried to assess the prevalence of anemia in people suffering from diabetes mellitus among OPD patients of PHCKinaye.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 01^st, 2021 to November 30^th, 2021 among people visiting the OPD of PHCKinaye, Belagavi, Karnataka under the administrative control of JNMC. The estimated sample size was n=215. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The existence of diabetes-related complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and other problem, as well as the history of hypertension and current diabetic medicines, were obtained by evaluating the patient's medical records.
Results: Hemoglobin levels were normal in n=125(58.1%) of cases. The existence of anemia was found in n=90(41.86%) cases out of which n=65(72.22%) cases were mild anemia, n=25(27.78%) cases were moderate anemia, and there were no cases of severe anemia in our study group. The range of hemoglobin levels was 8.1 to 14.9 mean hemoglobin levels in the study were 13.9 ± 3.56 gm%
Conclusions and Recommendations:  Prevalence of anemia was found in approximately 40% of the cases in the study.Most people were suffering from DM for 2-3.9 years. Dietary advice regarding iron-rich diets and dietary practices inhibiting iron absorption were explained to patients. All the participants were educated regarding the various risks associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, awareness regarding risk factors, and co-morbidities like hypertension, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic nephropathy.