European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism associated with absolute or relative deficiency in insulin secretion and/or insulin action. Diabetic subjects have been reported to develop congestive heart failure in the absence of coronary heart diseases, hypertension or any known structural heart disease.
Aims: (1) To study the echocardiographic findings in T2DM patients who are non-hypertensive; (2) To assess the diastolic functions and its association with various factors.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted at Medicine OPD over the duration of one year. A total of 100 participants were enrolled. All cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) reporting at OPD of Medicine with blood pressure <130/80 were included in the study. Data was collected on a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire.
Results: 68% cases had diastolic dysfunction of which 54% cases had impaired relaxation 9% cases had pseudonormal and 5% cases restricted filling. 56% were males and 44% were females. Association of diastolic dysfunction with age, duration of diabetes, HbA1c levels, presence of retinopathy was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Out of echocardiographic observations, association with diastolic dysfunction was found to be significant (p<0.05) among E/A, IVRT m-s, Deceleration time and E/e’.
Conclusion: The incidence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction is higher in type II diabetes mellitus patients who are free of clinically detectable heart disease.