European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: The salivary gland lesions are rare in occurrence but could be because of various causes like congenital anomalies, inflammation, infections, cysts or neoplasms which can be either benign or malignant. The salivary gland tumors account for 2- 6.5% of all the head and neck tumours. Salivary glands lesions always pose diagnostic dilemmas. Histopathological diagnosis with routine hematoxylin and eosin staining in conjunction with minimal assistance using histochemistry and immunohistochemistry plays a considerable role in the diagnosis of these lesions.
Objectives of the study:

To review various histopathological lesions of Salivary gland.
To classify salivary gland tumors according to WHO Classification.
To determine the age, sex and site distribution of various salivary gland lesions.

Materials and Methods:
This is a 5 year retrospective study done from Jan 2010 to Dec 2015 in our medical college and hospital including all the salivary gland lesions. Data was archived and demographic details and histopathological features were analyzed.
Results:
Male preponderance was noted with parotid gland being the commonly afflicted salivary gland. Pleomorphic adenoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma were the commonest benign and malignant tumours respectively. From age wise distribution, it is observed that nonneoplastic lesions had varied distribution from first to fourth decade of life. Benign tumours of salivary glands were common in the second to fourth decade and malignant tumours were seen from fourth to fifth decade onwards.
Conclusion: The present study emphasizes the fact that salivary gland lesions are rare in occurrence and reveal comprehensive histopathological lesions. Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry act as an adjunct to routine hematoxylin-eosin staining in arduous cases. The pathologist must conscientiously quest through the whole enchilada of salivary gland lesions and discern benign and malignant tumors which ease and guides in further management.