European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

The sympathetic system · in response to stress acts to increase heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, dilates bronchial tree and shunts blood away from skin and viscera to muscles. A powerful noxious stimulus like laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation induces hypothalamic activity and results in an increased outflow in the sympathetic tracts. Consequently, norepinephrine is released by post ganglionic sympathetic fibers and increased secretion from adrenal medulla. A preanesthetic evaluation of history of surgical and medical illness, drug allergies previous anaesthetic exposure and Baseline investigations of blood, ECG, radiograph of chest and airway examination was done. Patient was kept nil by mouth for at least 8hrs prior to surgery. All patients were premedicated with injection Pantoprazole 40mg (IV) one hour prior to surgery. Preoperative vital parameters like baseline pulse, blood pressure were noted. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) significantly lower in Group D patient at 4 minutes, 6 minutes, 8 minutes, I0 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes after intubation compared to Group C. Heart rate was on lower side in group D compared to Group C but the difference was significant statistically after 6 minutes of intubation till 25 minutes post intubation.