European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

To calculate the incidence of different types of thyroid lesions in rural people.In the diagnosis and characterisation of various thyroid lesions, ultrasonography is frequently utilised as the first investigative modality.
Objective :To assess the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in distinguishing benign and malignant thyroid nodules by correlating sonographic findings with pathological diagnosis as a reference..
Method: From June 2020 to  December 2021, a prospective study was conducted on 100 patients who visited the  Apollo medical college and District head quarters hospital,              in the OPD of the department of radio diagnostics. All patients with thyroid swelling, mass, or enlargement were examined with  USG before undergoing FNAC.
Results: Of the 120 Thyroid disease patients in my study, 77 percent were females and 23 percent were males. The patients with the highest number of instances were between the ages of 41 and 50, accounting for 37 percent of all cases. 'Lump in the neck' was the most common complaint. Euthyroidism was the most common diagnosis (73). Solitary Thyroid Nodule was the most prevalent disease found on thyroid sonography (42percent ). The diagnostic accuracy of high resolution sonography in thyroid disorders was 84 percent Sensitivity and 96 percent Specificity.
Conclusion: Many malignant or potentially malignant thyroid nodules can be detected with ultrasonography. Although there is some overlap in the appearance of benign and malignant nodules on ultrasonography, some ultrasonography features can aid distinguish between the two. Even though it can report malignancy of the follicular variety, FNAC can diagnose benign disorders and can also be used as a supplement to ultrasonography features to signal malignancy.