European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: Both the mother and the foetus experience significant physiological stress throughout pregnancy. Endocrine conditions like hypothyroidism during pregnancy can have serious consequences for both the mother and the foetus. While the negative effects of hypothyroidism on foetuses have received a lot of attention, the disorder's negative effects on mothers are extensively investigated. Aim: In this study, screening of all pregnant women at their 1st antenatal visit by estimate serum TSH and look for maternal hypothyroidism and the hypothyroid pregnant women were observed for the development of any maternal and perinatal complications. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational study which was conducted in Government General Hospital, Nizamabad during the period of January 2021 to June 2021. 1000 pregnant women were screened with serum TSH at their first antenatal visit. 852 cases (85%) were selected in the control group, 110 cases (11%) were selected in the neo hypothyroid group and 38 cases (4%) were selected in the known hypothyroid group. Results: Pre-eclampsia, GDM, Anaemia, IUGR, oligohydramnias, term delivery, induction of labour, caesarean section, PPH, small for gestational age, neonatal admissions among hypothyroid pregnant women was high, with statistically significant difference. Among three groups, high frequency of birth weight were between 2.6-3 kg.
Conclusion: This study concluded that early gestation thyroid screening and treatment for all pregnant women is useful in preventing or minimising the large amount of obstetrical and perinatal problems. This study's overall prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy is high enough to warrant widespread monitoring.