European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: Red blood cell size heterogeneity (also known as anisocytosis) can be measured simply by dividing the standard deviation (SD) of erythrocyte volumes by the mean corpuscular volume to obtain the red blood cell distribution width (RDW) (MCV). New research indicates that numerous human illnesses, in addition to RBC abnormalities, may commonly be linked to a high level of anisocytosis.
Methods: The anthropometric, demographic data was collected. A mercury sphygmomanometer was used to measure blood pressure while the subject was sitting up straight. The patient was allowed to rest for 5 minutes before the measurement of blood pressure. The two subsequent measurements' average was noted. Standard procedures were used at the hospital's core laboratory to perform the complete blood count and biochemistry. To analyze hemograms, DIACELL-HA 5000 (a 5-part hematology analyzer was used).
Results: Out of the n=120 cases n=73(60.83%) cases were normal and n=19(15.83%) cases were in the pre-hypertension stage and n=28(23.33%) cases were with hypertension.  The mean red cell width was calculated the mean red cell width in normal cases was 13.2 percent. The mean red cell width of the pre-hypertensive group was 15.3 percent. The higher mean red cell width was found in the hypertensive group 16.8 percent and the range was 15.9 to 17.5 percent. The ANOVA analysis between the groups revealed p = 0.02793 hence considered significant.
Conclusion: In hypertensive patients, there is an increase in red cell distribution width with the increase in blood pressure. The relationship is more significant with systolic blood pressure elevation as compared to diastolic blood pressure elevation. Therefore, the clinical utility of RDW may be expanded beyond the traditional limitations of erythrocyte diseases, according to a level of evidence that has been made thus far, particularly for aiding in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with elevated blood pressure.