European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Hospital Acquired infections are now frequently recognised as a threat to treatment failure in intensive care units. More than 70% of critically sick patients receive an antibiotic during their stay in the ICU, either for prophylaxis or for treatment. Injudicious use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents has led to the emergence of multi drug resistant organisms (MDROs), which can cause addition of more antibiotic resistance organism to Hospital Flora. Objectives: The objective of this study was to know the antimicrobial resistance pattern of the pathogens isolated from patients with HCAIs, including identification of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBL). Method: This is a laboratory-based targeted surveillance conducted from 1st June 2019 to 30th September 2019. The study included all the patients admitted in the ICUs, surgical wards and burn ward within the study period and had positive culture result of their clinical specimen. Results: Most of the 3rd and 4th generation Cephalosporins were found resistant. Fluroquinolones were resistant in more than half of cases. Most of the organism were resistant to aminoglycosides too. Piperacillin-Tazobactam and Carbapenems were also found resistant in about 70 % of A. baumannii, about 80 % in Pseudomonas and about 90 % in Klebsiella. For many Klebsiella and Pseudomonas isolates, Colistin was the only available option to treat the infection. Conclusions: This study showed the alarming trends of resistance especially in gram negative bacilli isolated from clinical specimens of patients with HCAIs to the various classes of antimicrobials.