European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: Assessment of body fluids for cytomorphological details plays a vital role in diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic aspects of various neoplastic & non neoplastic conditions. Aims & objectives : To study Cytomorphological  features of body cavity effusions emphasizing  malignant cell cytology.
Settings and Design : a retrospective observational study of 149 fluid samples was carried out following ethical approval by instituitional ethical committee.
Material & Methods : Retrospective analysis of 149  fluid samples received in department of pathology was done for duration of one year from January 2020 to December 2020 including pleural, peritoneal, pericardial , synovial, CSF & sputum. After a thorough physical examination, microscopic evaluation for cell cytomorphology was done. Cytocentrifuged smears were stained with leishman & H&E for each sample.
Statistical analysis- In the present descriptive study, collected data was entered in Microsoft excel & was analyzed and presented using descriptive statistics.
Results: A total of 149 fluid samples were analyzed in this study. Ascitic fluid comprised the major bulk of study with 97 cases followed by pleural fluid with 38 cases. Most of the body fluid samples belonged to females (55.03%) and the female to male ratio was 1.22. Out of these 149 cases, inflammatory were  75.83% followed by  11.40%  malignant effusions & 3.35%  were suspicious for malignancy.
Conclusion: Cytocentrifuge in fluid cytology analysis yields single concentrated cell button offering  better appreciation of cellular details thereby differentiating between benign and malignant effusions. However, In few suspicious cases Cell block with IHC may be needed for definitive diagnosis.