A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF AETIOLOGY AND OUTCOME OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine,
2022, Volume 9, Issue 3, Pages 1278-1282
Abstract
Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a protean syndrome of varied severity. It is characterized by a rapid (hours to weeks) decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and retention of nitrogenous waste products such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine.1,2 The RIFLE criteria, proposed by the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) group, aid in the staging of patients with AKI.Materials and methods: A prospective study was conducted at the Shaheed Nirmal Mahato Medical College (SNMMCH), Dhanbad from January 2021 to December 2021 (1 year). Type 2 diabetic patients 30 years or above, irrespective of gender, diagnosed to have acute kidney injury using KDIGO criteria, admitted to ICU or wards under the Shaheed Nirmal Mahato Medical College (SNMMCH), Dhanbad were included. Patients with preexisting renal disease and those who received renal transplantation. Type 2 diabetic patients admitted in the ICU and wards under Shaheed Nirmal Mahato Medical College (SNMMCH), Dhanbad were evaluated in detail after taking prior consent. Evaluation includes detailed history taking and physical examination. Acute kidney injury will be assessed on the basis of their serum creatinine and/or urine output fulfilling the KDIGO criteria.
Results: The study was conducted in a total of 75 diabetic patients who developed acute kidney injury. There were 47 males and 28 females. The aetiology and outcome of acute kidney injury in the above patients were found out. Blood urea, serum creatinine, serum electrolytes, fasting and post-prandial blood sugar, WBC count, platelet count and haemoglobin were included as the baseline parameters.
Conclusion: Infection was the most common cause of AKI in Type 2diabetes patients in our study. Among drug induced renal failure patients, NSAIDS were noted to be most common cause. Age >60 and male gender were prevalent in the majority of AKI patients. About 52.66% of the total patients recovered to normal renal function, 13.3% recovered partially, with 14% of the total patients progressed for maintenance hemodialysis. Crude mortality rate among patients with AKI in the study group was 20%.
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