Abstract

Background: UTI(Urinary tract infection) remains one of the most common infectious diseases diagnosed by clinicians in everyday practice in developing countries with an estimating global incidence of at least 250 million, of which 50% of the people will suffer once in their lifetime. UTI is common among both genders, but its prevalence is more common in women than in men at a ratio of 8:1 due to anatomical and physiological factors. Mostly around 80 to 90% of the UTI is caused by a single microbe. Widespread use of antibiotics against uropathogens has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains which makes the treatment of UTIs more complex. The UTI can affect any part of the urinary system producing high fever with chills, pelvic pain, frequent painful micturition and in the elderly confusion in addition to the above symptoms. Hence the purpose of this study is to know the antibiogram of uropathogens isolated in our tertiary care hospital and guide the clinicians to select the appropriate antibiotics for treating the urinary tract infections. This study also evaluates the patterns of various symptoms and the uropathogens in various age groups.
Material and Methods: This is a Cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the prevalence of common micro-organisms causing UTI and to determine the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern among the patients attending in the department of microbiology, ACS Medical college & Hospital from May 2022 to July 2022. Inclusion criteria: All patients clinically suspected of having UTI from various wards and OPDs.The anti-microbial profile in the urinary pathogens were conducted in 348 consecutive urine samples received in laboratory. Samples were collected from patients presented to the out patients and those who were admitted.
Results:  A total of E. Coli (N=42) (12.06%) , enterococcus(N=25) (7.18%), CONs (N=9) (2.58),Klebsiella (N=8) (2.29), Pseudomonas.A (N=6)(1.72%)Candida (N=5) (1.43%) were commonly isolated from the urine samples analyzed in this study. The isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim, ceftazidime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, ofloxacin, aztreonam and nalidixic acid; and they were found to be multi-drug resistant to the antibiotics. Most of the isolates were sensitive to Amikacin and Nitrofurantoin.
 Conclusion: Overenthusiastic use of antibiotic has resulted in emergence of drug resistant bacterial strains in UTI patients. Hence, antibiotic susceptibility testing is essential and aids to diagnose and treat the drug resistant UTI cases.