European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: Caesarean section or caesarean delivery is defined as the birth of a fetus through incisions in the abdominal wall (Laparotomy) and the uterine wall (Hysterotomy). This definition does not include removal of the fetus from the abdominal cavity in the case of rupture of uterus or in case of an abdominal pregnancy. Caesarean section can be considered one the earliest forms of modern birth technology Aim & Objective: 1.To study the maternal morbidity, mortality, perinatal outcome in patients, undergoing elective and emergency C-section. 2.To compare the maternal morbidity, mortality, perinatal outcome in patients, undergoing elective and emergency Csection. Method: Study design: Prospective study. Study setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at tertiary care centre. Study duration:……..Study population: The study population included all the women undergoing elective c-section and emergency c-section. Sample size: Results: In Group A: 44% of patients are in the age group of 18-24years and in Group B: 74% of patients are in the age group of 18-24years. A statistically significant value of P=0.01, is obtained suggesting most of the patients undergoing C-section (elective/emergency) are in age group of 18-24years. Strongly significant (P value: P<0.01). The most common risk factor is Previous LSCS. 14(28%) patients had previous LSCS in Group A (Elective C-Section) and 7(14%) patients had previous LSCS in Group B (Emergency C-Section). From the above graph, it can be observed that the patients with risk factor of Previous LSCS are more common with Elective C-Section group compared to Emergency C-Section group. Post-operative complications in Caesarean section were more in Emergency Caesarean Section when compared to Elective caesarean section. PPH is the most common in Emergency group when compared to Elective group. Wound infection is the 2nd most common complication in Emergency group. Conclusions: The factors associated with caesarean section are age, parity, multiple pregnancy, maternal weight gain, and birth weight. Including these factors, the caesarean section is justified under certain circumstances such as cephalo pelvic disproportion and contracted pelvis, dystocia due to soft parts, inadequate uterine forces, antepartum hemorrhage, pre- eclamptic toxemia, eclampsia, fetal distress and prolapse of the cord, malpresentation, maternal distresses such as heart problems, bad obstetric history, habitual intrauterine death of the fetus and elderly primigravida.