European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: Hypothyroidism is widely prevalent in pregnant women, since hypothyroidism is easily treated, timely detection and treatment of the disorder could reduce the burden of adverse fetal and maternal outcomes, which are very commonly encountered. Present study was aimed to study obstetric & neonatal outcomes in pregnancies with hypothyroidism.
Material and Methods: Present study was single-center, prospective, observational study, conducted in pregnant women with more than 28 weeks pregnancy, diagnosed as hypothyroid (TSH > 3.0 mIU/L after 12 weeks of gestation), delivered at our hospital.
Results: Out of 58 patients, majority patients were of 26-30 years age group (39.66 %), 62.07 % were nulliparous, delivered at term (> 37 weeks) (68.97 %), had Spontaneous Onset of labour (67.24 %) & vaginal route was most common Mode of delivery (70.69 %). Common maternal complications observed were haemoglobin < 9 gm% (32.76 %), preterm delivery (31.03 %), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (22.41 %), oligohydramnios (15.52 %), PPROM (10.34 %), gestational diabetes mellites (6.90 %) & post-partum hemorrhage (6.90 %). No maternal mortality was noted. Birth weight was 2.5-4 kg in majority neonates (58.62 %), while APGAR ≤ 7 at 1 min (12.07 %) & APGAR ≤ 7 at 5 min (5.17 %) noted in few cases. Other characteristics such as meconium aspiration (15.52 %), Required neonatal resuscitation (18.97 %), Neonatal jaundice (22.41 %), Admission to NICU (37.93 %) & neonatal death (1.72 %) were noted.
Conclusion: Hypothyroidism during pregnancy had an impact on maternal as well as perinatal outcome. Routine screening of thyroid dysfunction is recommended to prevent adverse fetal and maternal outcome. Supplementation of thyroid hormone had obvious benefits of treatment to reduce potential adverse outcomes associated with maternal thyroid disorders.