European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: The advent of Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has revolutionized the treatment of gall bladder disease. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is preferred because of accompanying less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay, faster recovery, improved cosmetic results, early return to work. In present study, we retrospectively analysed cases underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy during last 4 years at our tertiary hospital.
Material and Methods: This retrospective, descriptive study was conducted among patients, who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Results: During study period, 366 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed. Mean age was 40.45 ± 13.25 years, majority were female (78.69 %) as compared to male (21.31 %). Mean body weight was 58.78 ± 13.51 kgs, while mean BMI was 23.81 ± 2.23 kg/m². Various risk factors noted among cases were gall bladder contracted (18.85 %), raised bilirubin (16.12 %), acute attack (6.28 %), raised alkaline phosphates (3.55 %), previous laparotomy (3.01 %) & previous ERCP (1.64 %). Indication for surgery were Chronic calculous cholecystitis (61.75 %), Symptomatic cholelithiasis (15.30 %), Gallstone pancreatitis (13.11 %), Acute cholecystitis (6.28 %), Gall bladder mucocele (3.01 %) & Cholecystoduodenal fistula (0.55 %). Majority surgeries were done by 4 ports (88.52 %) as compared to 3 ports surgery (11.48 %). Mean duration of surgery was 77.49 ± 24.27 minutes. Drain placed in 20.22 % cases while 5.19 % cases required conversion to open cholecystectomy. Complications noted were leakage of bile (7.92 %), postoperative haemorrhage (4.10 %), subhepatic abscess (3.01 %), port site induration (2.73 %) & retained bile stone (0.55 %). Average length of stay was 2.53 ± 1.24 days.
Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is safe and efficacious surgery, with advantages such as shorter duration of surgery, less intra and post-operative complications, early discharge and mobilization.