Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the biodegradation products produced by four distinct orthodontic wires—copper NiTi, nickel titanium (NiTi), titanium molybdenum alloy (TMA), and stainless steel—fall within acceptable limits by comparing their biodegradation properties.
Materials and Methods: In this investigation, four different wires were incubated in artificial saliva for 28 days while the amount of metal liberated from them was measured. Nickel, chromium, copper, cobalt, manganese, iron, molybdenum, and titanium were among the metals evaluated. To stop the artificial saliva from being saturated with metals, it was changed on days 7, 14, and 21. After 28 days, these four artificial saliva samples from each wire were combined and subjected to an inductively coupled plasma spectroscope analysis to determine the presence of the eight metals.
Results: Only nickel, chromium, and iron were released from stainless steel wire, nickel from NiTi wire, nickel and chromium from copper NiTi, and none from TMA wire, according to the data.
Conclusion: The metals emitted from arch wires are in too small a quantity to pose a threat to human health. Metal release levels are well within accepted biocompatible ranges. Even though different orthodontic wires' biodegradation was examined in this study, mechanotherapy never uses orthodontic wires by themselves. More metals may be released by orthodontic wires in combination with the multiband appliance system, which is always employed, and with accessories like face bows.