A study to evaluate the incidence of thyroid malignancy among cases of thyroid swelling presenting at a tertiary care center in Delhi
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine,
2022, Volume 9, Issue 7, Pages 2900-2905
Abstract
Globally the most common indication for thyroid operation is a solitary nodule with the possibility of malignancy. Thyroid nodules are common in clinical practice. This study was carried out to estimate the incidence of benign and malignant thyroid lesions among the thyroid swellings after histopathological examinations following thyroidectomy.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional follow-up study was done among patients undergoing thyroidectomy between July 2017 to June 2019 by the Department of General Surgery, Institute Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt. The patients were selected consequently as and when they presented during the study period with thyroid swelling considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 50 patients were selected for the study. The selected patients were examined clinically. Among routine investigation, their reports of FNAC and histopathogical examination after excision were collected and used for analysis in the current study.
Results: FNAC findings of 50 cases showed that 39 were benign and rest 11 cases were malignant lesions, hence approximately benign and malignant ratio came to 3.55:1. Among the benign lesions, the most common lesion is multinodular or colloid goiter. Out of 11 malignant cases of FNAC finding, majority were papillary carcinoma. On histopathological examination of the excised mass, out of 11 cases that showed malignancy on FNAC, 7 cases (14%) were found to be malignant.
Conclusion: To conclude, it is not unusual to have a diagnosis of thyroid malignancy in a clinically benign thyroid swelling. Incidence of such malignancies is significant. Hence, the patients being treated conservatively for benign thyroid diseases should be followed-up regularly. Patients who opt out of surgery should be put on diligent screening of the swelling and any suspicious change in the swelling has to be tackled aggressively.
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