Estimation of Age by Epiphyseal Union at the Lower End of Radius and Ulna by X Ray Examination in Kashmiri Population
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine,
2022, Volume 9, Issue 7, Pages 3412-3421
Abstract
Background: Age estimation can be a critical part of Forensic investigations. The age has to be determined not only for identification purposes but also for various civil and criminal purposes. Age at which the epiphysis of bones fuse varies depending on health, hereditary, nutritional, endocrine and environmental factors affecting the people of the different regions, it cannot be reasonably expected to formulate a uniform standard for the appearance and fusion of the epiphyseal centres. The present study is an effort to estimate age among males and females by studying X-ray of distal end of radius and ulna. The age at which complete fusion was seen at distal end of radius and ulna among males and females is noted with help of data obtained in the present series.Materials& Methods: A hospital based prospective study done on 200 cases (100 males and 100 females) in the age group of 15 to 21 years at orthopedic surgery department and Radiology department at GMC Baramullah, Kashmir, India during period between December 2020 to January 2022. They were selected by random sampling and confirming the age by birth certificate, ration card, passport or matriculation certificate whosoever came for x-ray. The Chronological Age of each subject was calculated using information on the certificate received for proof of Birth date. The purpose was explained to the subjects and written informed consent was obtained for the x-ray. X-ray of wrist joint showing lower end of Radius and Ulna in AP position were taken in all subjects.
Results: Among males & females no fusion was seen at distal end of radius & ulna before the age group of 17-18 years & 16-17 years respectively. 100% of males showed Degree 3 (complete fusion) at the distal end of radius & ulna after the age group of 18-19 years. 100% of females showed Degree 3 (complete fusion) at the distal end of radius after the age group of 17-18 years & distal end of ulna after the age group of 18-19 years.
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