European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Antibiotics are those drugs which are commonly used for therapeutic management of variety of bacterial infections. Nowadays, bacteria seem to have developed antibiotic resistance due to inappropriate use of medications. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a nosocomial gram-negative pathogen which causes most fatal infections in humans. This species of pseudomonas is resistant to many antibiotics and is among World Health Organization pathogen list of primary concern for investigation and development of novel antibiotics. Apart from its unique potential to develop intrinsic or innate resistance to several conventional antibiotics, pseudomonas aeruginosa can also acquire resistance by mutation in its chromosomes, subsequently altering the membrane permeability, efflux system over-expression, antibiotic inactivating enzyme production and biofilm resistance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa seem to be resistant to various antibiotics such as carbapenems, penicillin & other beta-lactams, aminoglycosides and fluroquinolones. Newer antibiotic combinations such as ceftazidime-avibactam, imipenem-cilastatin/relebactam, cefiderocol have shown some promising results in treatment of antibiotic resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa