Abstract

The oral and maxillofacial surgeon faces a problem when it comes to treating dislocation of the TMJ, a pathophysiologic joint ailment. When a person has a TMJ dislocation, the condyle moves to a position in front of a specific eminence on a broad mouth opening. This condition can be brought on by irregular joint form, ligament looseness, or decreased muscle tension (Hasson O, Nahlieli O., 2001). TMJ dislocation is a complex condition, and its pathophysiology can involve myospasm, trauma, abnormalities in masticatory movements, capsular weakening, ligamentous laxity, and unusual eminence size (morphology or projection).
A unique junction between the mandible and the temporal bone of the skull is called the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). In a concavity called the glenoid fossa, the condyle of the jaw articulates bilaterally.
TMDs are a broad category of clinical diseases and functional alterations affecting the TMJ, masticatory muscles, and other parts of the maxillofacial region. Due to the psychological stress in our contemporary environment, there are more patients with TMDs today (Tvrdy P, Heinz P, Pink R., 2013 and Antczak-Bouckoms A, 1995).