European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

AIM: To study and evaluate echocardiography changes in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and to compare with normotensive pregnant women
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, with clearance from the institute's ethical committee. This prospective observational study included 110 women. 2D echo changes of 55 patients with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy and 55 normotensive patients were compared and prognosis was evaluated depending on echocardiographic changes
RESULTS: Comparison of SBP, DBP, MAP and HR showed that the P values were <0.05 indicating that mean SBP, DBP, MAP and HR of pregnant women with hypertensive disorder was significantly higher compared to normotensive pregnant women. The P value for LVESV was <0.05 indicating that mean LVESV of pregnant women with hypertensive disorder was significantly higher. However, there was no significant difference in mean LVEDV of pregnant women with hypertensive disorder and without hypertensive disorder. On comparison of EF, the p value was <0.05 indicating that EF of pregnant women with hypertensive disorder was significantly less compared to normotensive pregnant women. On comparing mean CO, the P value was <0.05 indicating that mean CO of pregnant women with hypertensive disorder was significantly higher compared to normotensive pregnant women. However, there was no significant difference in mean SV of pregnant women with hypertensive disorder and normotensive pregnant women (p >0.05). Comparison of mean LMV S and LMV D showed, P values were <0.05 indicating that mean LMV S and LMV D of pregnant women with hypertensive disorder was significantly higher compared to Normotensive pregnant women. Comparison of mean velocity of E wave and A wave showed P values were <0.05 indicating that mean velocity of E wave and A wave among pregnant women with hypertensive disorder was significantly higher compared to normotensive pregnant women. However, there was no significant difference in E/A ratio among pregnant women with hypertensive disorder and without hypertensive disorder (p >0.05). On comparison of E Dec time, IVRT, IVCT and ET, the p values were <0.05 indicating that mean E Dec time, IVRT, IVCT and ET of pregnant women with hypertensive disorder were significantly higher compared to normotensive pregnant women. This difference in MPI statistically significant (p<0.05) indicating that MPI was significantly higher in hypertensive pregnant women compared to normotensive pregnant women. In hypertensive group, IVSd and LVPWd were significantly higher compared to normotensive pregnant women. Two patients who developed cardiac complications, namely CCF and Pulmonary edema belonged to the subclass of Severe Preeclampsia. Out of the 21 cases categorised under this subclass, two patients developed a cardiac complication.