Abstract

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is steadily increasing in India, making it a growing public health problem. It is now one of the diseases that is found in the most people all around the world. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there was a correlation between oral health status, socioeconomic level (SES), and oral hygiene practises among adults who had Type 2 Diabetes and those who did not have Diabetes.
Materials and the Methods: A comparative research using a cross-sectional design was carried out between October 2021 and March 2022 on a total of 500 adult study volunteers, of which 250 had Type 2 diabetes and the remaining 250 did not have diabetes. Participants in the research were asked questions through interview that measured their socioeconomic status, body mass index, and demographic characteristics. Assessments were made of diabetic research subjects' knowledge of diabetes, its systemic and oral symptoms, and treatments, as well as their family histories of diabetes, the kind of diabetes they had, and how long they had had diabetes. We utilised the WHO Oral Health Assessment Questionnaire 2013 for our research. In addition to this, the Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified and the Community Periodontal Index, both based on the WHO Oral Health 2013 Criteria, were utilised.
Results: Patients with diabetes had a mean age of 45.81 years, with a standard deviation of 5.05 years, whereas subjects without diabetes had a mean age of 40.85 years, with a standard deviation of 7.7 years. There is a statistically significant difference between the mean number of decaying, missing, and filled teeth among diabetics (10.23 4.73) and non-diabetics (5.34 3.316). Periodontal pocket was found in 67.2% of diabetes study participants, with a mean number of teeth impacted, with a pocket depth of around 4–5 mm in 4.68 2.94 and 6 mm or more in 3.76 2.83, which was somewhat greater than the nondiabetic study subjects who participated in the study. It was shown that diabetes study participants had a prevalence of connection loss that was 28.4%, whereas non-diabetic study subjects had a prevalence of attachment loss that was 18%.
Conclusion: The study came to the conclusion that there is a substantial link between diabetes and poor periodontal diseases, and that this association has an influence on the overall oral health status of diabetic study participants when compared to nondiabetic study subjects.
Dental caries, diabetes, and oral health are some of the terms