European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: Bronchoscopy is one of the most commonly performed safe procedures worldwide by pulmonologists for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. It has a few complications such as bleeding, bronchospasm, laryngospasm, iatrogenic infections, atelectasis, and pneumothorax. The incidence of bleeding is low and rarely life-threatening, with a mortality rate of 0-0.04%. The greatest danger in a bleeding situation is aspiration and blood flooding of the alveoli (1,2). Cold saline is now regularly used to reduce bleeding during bronchoscopic operations, and other drugs such as adrenaline and terlipressin have also been employed. but either connected with difficulties or a scarcity of research (9,10). As a result, this study was conducted since there have been few studies on tranexamic acid, which requires greater assessment in terms of efficacy and safety. As a result, we conducted this study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid endobronchial instillation. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid endobronchial instillation. METHODS AND MATERIALS: 50 Patients with endoscopically evident tumours and active bleeding were randomly separated into two groups of 25. The first group got 500mg of inj. tranexamic acid diluted in 20ml normal saline was administered through the bronchoscope for three efforts, whereas the second group received 20ml of cold saline for two attempts. After each try, 60-90 seconds were watched for bleeding cessation and hemostasis. RESULT: Endobronchial instillation of tranexamic acid stopped bleeding in all 25 cases (100%), whereas cold saline controlled bleeding in just 2 (8%) of the 25 patients.  The cold saline group had 84%(21) of the patients hypoxemia and 36%(9) had severe cough, however, the tranexamic acid group had no side effects