Study of clinical profile of neonates admitted in NICU with respiratory distress in a tertiary care hospital
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine,
2022, Volume 9, Issue 7, Pages 6752-6757
Abstract
Background: Respiratory distress (RD) is a challenging problem and is one of the most common causes of admission in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The common causes of RD in neonates includes transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), hyaline membrane disease (HMD), birth asphyxia, pneumonia, meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), and other miscellaneous causes.Present study was aimed to clinical profile of neonates admitted in NICU with respiratory distress in a tertiary care hospital.Material and Methods: This study was prospective, observational study, conducted in neonates admitted to NICU with respiratory distress.
Results: In present study, majority neonates were male (56.38 %), had birth weight 1.5 – 2.5 kg (46.28 %), were term gestational age (41.49 %) & delivered vaginally (52.13 %). Symptoms and signs of respiratory distress noted were tachypnea (86.17 %), flaring of alae nasi (84.04 %), chest in drawing (82.45 %), grunting (47.34 %) & cyanosis (42.55 %). Premature rupture of membranes (13.83 %), meconium‑stained amniotic fluid (11.17 %), hypertension (9.04 %), maternal pyrexia (5.85 %), foul smelling liquor (2.66 %) & diabetes mellitus (2.13 %) were maternal risk factors observed among neonates with respiratory distress. Among neonates admitted with respiratory distress common diagnosis were transient tachypnea of newborn (34.57 %), sepsis (20.74 %), respiratory distress syndrome (11.17 %), meconium aspiration syndrome (9.04 %), hyaline membrane disease (8.51 %) & birth asphyxia (5.85 %). Majority neonates were discharged uneventfully (86.71 %) & mortality was observed among 16 neonates (8.51 %).
Conclusion: Common diagnosis observed in neonates with respiratory distress were transient tachypnea of newborn, sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, meconium aspiration syndrome, hyaline membrane disease & birth asphyxia.
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