European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Rhomboids are a joint group of muscles consisting of large and small rhomboid muscles. Rhomboids are significant for the movement of the upper limb and the stabilization of both the scapula and shoulder girdle. Both rhomboids are innervated from the dorsal nerve of the scapula, and its vascular source is the dorsal scapular artery.1Variations have been found in the rhomboidal musculature, but they are very infrequent. Although rhomboid muscle surgery is rare, rhomboid paralysis and winged scapula are clinical pathologies related to rhomboids.1Rhomboid comprises two distinct muscles; major and minor muscles that lie deep in the trapezius.2 The rhomboid minor muscle is derived from the C7, T1 vertebrae and the ligamentum nuchae and is cylindrical in shape. It is attached to the scapula at the medial border, adjacent to the scapular spine base. The major rhomboid is the trapezius muscle sited below the lesser rhomboid and is quadrangular in shape.3 The rhomboidal muscles are derived from the T2-T5 spinous processes of the vertebrae and are attached to the scapula at its medial border just below the rhomboid minor.