European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of Diffusion-weighted MRI with Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) calculation in fatty liver and chronic liver diseases.
Methods: The study was conducted at Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital and Research Centre in Pimpri, Pune from September 2020 to July 2022. There were 25 cases and 25 controls in the study.
Results:. The mean liver ADC value among cases vs controls was found to 901.48±79x10-6mm²/sec vs. 1238±107x10-6mm²/sec respectively concluding that when compared to the Control group, the mean ADC among Case group was significantly lower. The mean ADC liver among F0 was 1238.72±107.611, F1 was 990.00±24.259, F2 was 926.71±37.326, F3 was 898.20±75.80 and F4 was 826.13±61.98 using MRI elastography-based staging and grading. Mean ADC value decreased with increase in staging of fibrosis maximum sensitivity and specificity were reported for the Non-fibrotic (F0) vs Cirrhosis (F4) with 95.8% and 82.5% respectively with a cut-off value of 1043.50. ADC values showed best performance for discriminating non-fibrotic (F0) from cirrhotic(F4) stage. Lower performance was observed for discriminating differentiate low-stage fibrosis (F1 and F2) from high-stage fibrosis (F3 and F4). The comparison of mean ADC liver between Case group and Control group using the unpaired t-test showed mean ADC liver was significantly reduced among Case group compared to Control group.
Conclusion: The findings of our research demonstrate that hepatic ADC values demonstrated good diagnostic performance to discriminate non fibrotic from cirrhotic liver. This crucial in the determining early stages of the illness while there is still a chance that it can be aborted and reversed. Detection of advanced stages played pivotal role, for screening for hepatocellular carcinoma or other forms of malignancy in cirrhotic patients.