Risk factors associated with Hepatitis C virus infection- A case control study
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine,
2022, Volume 9, Issue 7, Pages 8916-8921
Abstract
Background: hep c virus infection is a major public health crisis worldwide and currently is the most frequent cause of liver related morbidity and mortality. The present study was conducted to assess risk factors associated with HCV transmission.Materials & Methods: 600 subjects were divided into two groups cases and controls. Cases (200) were PD and OPD patients who were HCV positive confirmed by HCV RNA quantification and control group (400) were IPD and OPD patients who were HCV negative. Data such as iv drug abuse, blood transfusion, socioeconomic aspects, history of previous hepatitis infection, social and sexual behaviour, blood donation, hospital admission, surgical intervention, occupational exposure, accident/ injury, needle prick, tattooing was recorded.
Results: The case group included 165 (82.5%) married patients, 30 (15%) unmarried, 3 (1.5%) divorced and 2 (1.0%) widow. The control group included 275 (82.5%) married patients, 80 (13.8%) unmarried, 10(2.5%) divorced and 5 (1.3%) widow. In case group, 131 (65.5%) and 69 (34.5%) patients resided in rural and urban areas while in control group, 311 (77.8%) and 89 (22.2%) patients resided in rural and urban areas respectively. In case group, 110 (55%) and 90 (45%) patients had income <20,000 and >20,000 respectively. In the control group, 127 (31.8%) and 273 (68.2%) patients had income<20,000 and> 20,000 respectively.42 patients in case group and 22 patients in control group had history of previous hospitalization. 34 patients in the case group and 22 patients in the control group had history of blood transfusion. There were 41 patients in case group and 32 patients in control group who underwent hemodialysis. 40 patients in case group and 28 patients in control group underwent dental procedure.20 patients in the case group and 14 patients in the control group underwent surgical procedure.
Conclusion: Significant risk factors associated with HCV transmission were marital status, low income, history of previous hospitalization, history of blood transfusion, hemodialysis, exposure to dental/ surgical procedure, IV drug abuse, number of injections in past (excluding IV drug abuse), sharing razor / toothbrush, needle prick injury, unsafe sexual practices, accident/ injury, tattooing, use of barber/ manicure set
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