To determine the clinical and radiological features of pulmonary TB in diabetic mellitus patients
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine,
2023, Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 2969-2975
Abstract
To determine the clinical and radiological features of pulmonary TB in diabetic mellitus patients.Methods and materials: After receiving approval from the ethics council, the study was conducted on 100 individuals with DM and PT. A comprehensive history, clinical examination, sputum analysis for acid fast bacilli, and chest radiography were used to diagnosis PT. The clinical profile, pertinent tests, and radiological data were collated and analysed.
Results: Males made up 55 percent of the study sample, while females made up 45 percent. Cough (75%), fever (65%), and anorexia (77%) were the most common symptoms reported. Other symptoms included hemoptysis (13%), weight loss (51%), dyspnea (21%), chest discomfort (21%), and night sweats (41%). 24% of the patients had a history of tuberculosis, 13% had related hypertension, 9% had associated ischemic heart disease, 67% of male patients were smokers, and 9% had a family history of tuberculosis. Right sided lung lesions were found in 45% of patients over 45 years old and 31.67% of cases under 45 years old, whereas left sided lesions were found in 27.5% of cases under 45 years old and 28.33% of cases over 45 years old. Bilateral lesions were seen in 27.5% of individuals under the age of 45 and 40% of cases beyond the age of 45. Lesions in the lower lung field were seen in 43% of the patients. The chest x-ray revealed a cavity in 30% of the patients, a fibrous cavity in 11% of the patients, and an infiltrative lesion in 9% of the patients. Consolidation (7%), pleural effusion (7%), hydro pneumothorax (3%), parenchymal opacity (2%), and bronchiectasis (4%) were also seen.
Conclusion: Severe hyperglycemia seems to be a risk factor for diabetics developing pulmonary TB. Diabetes seems to have no influence on the presenting characteristics of pulmonary TB.
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