European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) and COVID 19 is an alarming concern in the recent n-CoV pandemic. The main pathophysiological events include the severity of hypoxemia and poor respiratory mechanics. The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) accounts for 40% mortality in about 200,000 critically ill patients annually within the United States including the recent covid pandemic. ARDS is as a result of protein-rich pulmonary edema that causes excessive hypoxemia and impaired carbon dioxide release. The medical disorders related to the development of ARDS consist of sepsis, pneumonia, aspiration of gastric contents, and predominant trauma. The lung injury is caused by pro-inflammatory cytokine release and platelet based damage to the endothelial and epithelial boundaries of the lung. Resolution is delayed due to damage to the lung epithelial barrier, which prevents removal of alveolar edema fluid and deprives the lung of adequate quantities of surfactant. However, there is no effective pharmacological remedy, despite the fact that cell-based total remedy and different therapies currently being tested in scientific trials may additionally provide novel treatments for ARDS. This review thus highlights on the various factors underlying the covid - 19 mediated ARDS.