A Comparative Evaluation Of Two Different Rapid Tests With ELISA To Detect Rotavirus In Paediatric Stool Samples
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine,
2022, Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 2637-2644
Abstract
Background and objectives: Rotaviruses are the major cause of gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. The mortality and economic burden associated with rotavirus is high especially in developing countries. ELISA is most commonly used for detection of rotavirus. In this study we have compared the results of two rapid and simple tests with ELISA.Materials and methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, J.J.M. Medical College, Davangere (June 2010-May 2011). The study included 120 stool samples from pediatric patients of age group 6 months to 5 years. The samples were tested for the presence of rotavirus antigen using Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), latex agglutination (LA) and immunochromatography (ICG) test.
Results: Prevalence of Rotavirus diarrhea was found to be 20% in children using ELISA with maximum cases seen in age group of 6 months to 2 years (83.3%) with male preponderance. Rotavirus infection was seen throughout the year with a peak in cases during the months of October to February. In present study latex agglutination test was found to be more sensitive than Immunochromatography. However, ICG was found to be more specific than LA.
Conclusion: Rotavirus infection was seen in a considerable proportion of infants and children in present study. Latex agglutination and immunochromatography test were found to have good sensitivity and specificity, when compared with ELISA, for detection of rotavirus antigen. These tests can be used for screening cases of suspected rotavirus diarrhea during an epidemic outbreak. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of rotavirus diarrhea is important to avoid unnecessary administration of antibiotics in children and to prevent spread of infection to other children in hospital and community.
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