European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: An important well-known event of respiratory failure (RF) is frequently associated with severe exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Moreover, the hypercapnia presents during an acute episode of RF, which is found to have higher mortality rate. Objectives: To investigate the role of NIV applied to COPD patients with acute HRF who presents with acute exacerbations and require hospitalization. Material and Methods: This study was a prospective, observational study which was carried out at Apollo Gleneagles Hospital, Kolkata during the period of study was 18 months (from January 2019 to June 2020). A total of 90 patients were recruited in the study. All COPD cases presenting in the Emergency Department during morning shift for arterial blood gases (ABG) data from patient at baseline, i.e., at arrival (0hr) and follow up at the time interval of 2 and 12hrs and patients presenting with Acute Exacerbations of COPD were included in the study. Results: A total of 90 patients were admitted to the emergency department of Apollo Gleneagles hospital due to AECOPD presenting with HRF, was evaluated and treated with NIV for a better outcome concerning ABG parameters. The maximum value (27.80%) was obtained for the age groups of 51-60 years followed by age groups of 61-70 years (21.10%) and a minimum frequency value (3.30%) was observed for the age groups of 91-100 years. The mean ± standard deviation of age value was 66.37 ± 13.64 years. The data on the distribution of ICU admission (% frequency), a maximum value showing ICU as NO groups (55.4%), and a minimum value of about ( 44.6%) of YES groups as ICU admission were obtained among total studied patients. Overall hospital duration revealed that the minimum duration of hospitalization of 1 day and maximum value of 14 days were recorded and the mean ± standard deviation of the duration of hospitalization value was 4.59 ± 3.31 days. Conclusion: In the present study, patients present in the age groups of 51-60 years were observed more susceptible and management through NIV was found to be more beneficial. Moreover, the duration of hospital stays, and ICU admission were found to have reduced in number after NIV treatment.