European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious global health with a high global prevalence problem leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and dialysis. Retinal microvascular abnormalities are common in chronic kidney disease as diabetes and hypertension  account for more than half of all patients with renal  failure. The escalating prevalence of diabetes in India, which has already home to over 77million, is also likely to herald an increase in the onset of sight threatening Diabetic retinopathy(DR) in CKD Patients
The aim of this study is to evaluate the  sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy changes in  these CKD Patients.
Materials and Methods
This study was conducted in the Dialysis Unit, nephrology department of Govt. Villupuram Medical College Hospital  from May 2022 – Jan 2023. This was a cross sectional, non-interventional, hospital based study. Total  108 patients having end stage chronic kidney disease on maintenance haemodialysis were examined.
Results
 Datas are collected as ratio and proportions on the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing dialysis. Of the 108 screened among 359 patients, 48/108(44%) were found to be Normal. Diabetic retinopathy seen in 46 of 108 screened, Hypertensive Retinopathy in 9 pts,Glaucoma in 2% of  patients, Cataracts , BRVO and others seen in (3%).
Conclusion Data shows that severe forms of diabetic retinopathy is more linked to long standing history of diabetes causing kidney damage even among those with good glycaemic control. Hence it is advisable to include ophthalmoscopy and fundus evaluation as the screening tool in all CKD patients, so that we can predict the development of diabetic retinopathy and treat them in early stages