European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Type II DM is characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, which increase the chances of dyslipidemia, obesity and hypertension, thereby increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is the first stage of dilated cardiomyopathy and an important predictor of heart failure in patients with T2DM. Materials and Methods: Demographic details were taken from all cases and controls. Height and weight were taken and Body mass index was calculated. After overnight fasting, blood analysis for Blood glucose levels, both fasting and post parandial, lipid profile and renal profile. Velocities of Transmitral early diastolic filling (E-wave), atrial contraction late filling (A wave) were measured using 2D doppler, isovolumteric relaxation time and deceleration time were also measured for all the case and control subjects.
Results: The fasting blood sugar among the male was 147.2 ± 22.1mg/dL and post parandial it was 269.8 ± 15.2mg/dL, while among the females it was 142.9 ± 18.5mg/dL and 273.1 ± 13.9dL respectively in the cases, while the same was in the normal range in the controls. The lipid profile was also significantly higher in the cases and normal in the controls. The E/A ratio among the patients was 0.72 ± 0.2 in males and 0.77 ± 0.1 in females and in controls the same was 1.23 ± 0.4 and 1.11 ± 0.2 respectively, showing a significance difference. The E/e ratio was 19.1 ± 4.6 and 19.2 ± 5.1 in males and females respectively in patients and 8.4 ± 1.3 and 8.9 ± 2.1 in males and females of the controls respectively. The IVRT also was significantly different with 78 ± 3.1 in males and 79.2 ± 4.4 of the females and 96.4 ± 3.7 in males and 97.2 ± 2.9 in females of the controls. Diastolic dysfunction was present in 38 (60%) of the males and 23 (62.2%) of the females among the patients and in 4 (6.3%) of the males and 3(8.1%) of the females among the controls.
Conclusion: Early detection of Diastolic dysfunction in patients with Type II diabetes mellitus will help in taking corrective on time and prevent mortality at a later stage