European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Vaccines have long been viewed as one of the most successful treatments in the history of public health.[1] They have helped to the elimination of various illnesses, including smallpox.[1,2] Vaccine hesitancy, or rejection or delay in immunisation, remains a substantial public health concern despite the obvious advantages of vaccination.[3]Vaccines date back to the 10th century when the Chinese started utilising variolation, a procedure in which material from smallpox abscesses was used to enter a healthy individual to prevent smallpox.[4] Even though this approach provided some protection for the illness, it was very dangerous and may have led to death or serious complications.[5] The modern age of vaccinations started with the efforts of Edward Jenner, who employed cowpox to produce protection against smallpox in the late 18th century. [5,6] This procedure, known as vaccination, was far safer than variolation and laid the groundwork for creating contemporary vaccinations. [5-7] Vaccines were produced throughout the following two centuries for various infectious illnesses, including measles, rubella, diphtheria, and polio. [7,8] These immunisations have reduced infectious disease-related morbidity and death