European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Salivary gland neoplasms are very uncommon, and they vary widely based on the site, origin, and gender. It has been suggested that ethnic and regional variables affect the prevalence of salivary gland tumors. The diagnosis of these neoplasms is mostly based on histopathological findings, with very little input from cytogenetic analyses, immunohistochemistry, or special stains. The current study aimed to determine the distribution of salivary gland neoplasms in histopathological specimens received in our institute.
Methods: Consecutive samples of histopathology of salivary glands received at the department of pathology during the study period were included.  The requisition forms contained clinical details that were documented. All tissue samples were fixed in 10% formalin, representative pieces were removed, and the tissue was processed histopathologically as usual. After that, paraffin wax was used to implant the treated tissue. Hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) stain were used to stain the sections.
Results: Out of the n=40 cases of salivary gland neoplasms n=30(75%) specimens were classified as benign tumors and n=10(25%) cases were classified as malignant neoplasms. Of the benign tumors, the most common was pleomorphic adenoma in 46.67% of cases followed by Warthin's tumor in 16.67% of cases details of the sex-wise distribution of the benign tumors. In the malignant category of salivary gland neoplasm, 50% of cases were diagnosed with mucoepidermoid carcinoma and 20% each were adenoid cystic carcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma.
Conclusion: The results of our study based on the age, sex, site distribution, and pathologic characteristics were consistent with those of research from India and other countries. Despite the modest number of salivary gland tumors examined in this study, the results should aid in improving our comprehension of the condition. Since there is so little data on head and neck tumors over the past two to three decades, only a small number of salivary gland tumors based on a significant number of cases are published from India