European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Lymphadenopathy is a common clinical presentation in patients visiting the outpatient department.  The etiology ranges widely, from inflammatory to malignant reasons at either end of the spectrum.  The current study sought to determine the prevalence and proportion of different lymph node lesions in relation to patient age and sex. In cases where both histology and cytology were available, it also connected the histo-cytodiagnosis and contrasted the findings of the current investigation with those of comparable studies.
Methods: This study was carried out in the department of pathology, Consecutive samples of lymph nodes received were included. The lymph node samples were from the neck, axilla, and groin, from the extremities, and internal (mediastinal, abdominal, and retroperitoneal) lymph nodes. In most of the cases, hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stains, special stains like Ziehl–Neelsen stain and Giemsa stain were done wherever needed.
Results: A total of n=100 cases of lymph nodes were included out of which 46% were reactive etiology, 12% were tuberculous lymphadenitis, and malignancy included 39% constituted both primary and secondary malignancy. 3% of cases were with inconclusive diagnoses. There were 7% cases of primary malignancy and 32% cases of metastatic deposits. And 3% were inconclusive. The maximum number of females 20% were from the 4^th decade followed by 18% in the 5^th decade.
Conclusion: More than 50% of instances of lymphadenopathy, which is a frequent clinical manifestation, are benign. Males were less likely to be impacted than females. The ratio of female to male participants in this research was 1.9:1. The fact that tuberculosis is more prevalent in younger age groups justifies the requirement for a specific management and treatment strategy. In the older age range, metastases, in particular adenocarcinomatous deposits, are more prevalent.