European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Present study was carried out to determine the fetomaternal outcome in relation to cord indices (Umbilical Cord Thickness, Cross Sectional Area and Coiling Index ) measured during the second trimester (18-24 weeks) ultrasonography.
Material & Methods: It was a prospective observational study conducted between JULY 1^ST, 2021 TO JUNE 30^th, 2022 at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati. During the study period, we included 500 consecutive women eligible to  participate in the study.
Results: The mean age was found to be 25.57 with a SD of 3.174, the minimum age being 19 years and maximum age was 34 years. In the study, 6(1.2%) participants, 464(92.8%) participants and 30(6%) participants were <10^th percentile (hypocoiled), 10^th to 90^th percentile (normocoiled) and >90^th percentile (hypercoiled) of coiling index. In the study, 35(7%) participants, 429(85.8%) participants and 36(7.2%) participants were <10^th percentile,10^th to 90^th percentile and >90^th percentile of cross sectional area. In the study, 30(6%), 447(89.4%) and 23(4.6%) were <10^th percentile,10^th to 90^th percentile and >90^th percentile of cord thickness. Abnormal cord indices are significantly associated with meconium stained liquor, LBW/IUGR, Low APGAR scores, increased NICU admissions, neonatal death, congenital anomalies and even intra-uterine fetal demise.
Conclusion: It has been concluded that abnormal cord indices are very strongly associated with adverse perinatal outcome and maternal complications. Hence, USG in the second trimester has a very potential value in screening these adversities