Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health problem and India being highest tuberculosis burden country, needs emphasis. The percentage of Extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) among all diagnosed TB cases in developed countries range from 12 to 28.5% while in India ranged from 30-55%. Aims: To Study the Socio-Demographic Profile of Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis cases diagnosed in a tertiary health care centre, the various Clinical Presentation of Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis and the various Risk Factors Associated with Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: The present study was a hospital based Observational Study. This Study was conducted from March 2021 to June 2022 at Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, Jaipur. Result: In our study most patients were 21-40 years old (51%) & female (67%) , most no. of patients were housewife (53%), upper lower class (36%) and from urban area (52%), most number of EPTB patients had fever (100%) and loss of appetite (55%) as the main clinical feature. It was found that patients had h/o ATT (22%) and no H/O ATT (78%), 31% patients were smokers, biomass fuel exposure was present in (21%) and T2DM in (14%). Lymph node Tb was present in (36%), Abdominal Tb in (24%), Pleural Tb in (14%), genitourinary Tb (12%), CNS Tb (4%). Conclusion: Extra pulmonary tuberculosis is a significant health issue in developing countries. In conclusion, our study shares the knowledge regarding the epidemiology of EPTB and gives understanding of the host related factors to its pathogenesis. The frequency of EPTB in this study was advanced with the maximum proportion in lymph node. Also, female case was at advanced rate of positivity for EPTB than
male. Youthful grown-ups between age 21-40 yrs, and associated diabetes mellitus
& smoking were significant risk factors for being EPTB positive