European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Influenza is a world health hazard. The only effective way against influenza disease is vaccination. But, the currently available vaccine for influenza only induces strain-specific immunity, they do have long-lasting serum antibody titers. Hence they are ineffective in the present pandemic situation. There is an emergency need for the production of new vaccines which could be more effective and have long-lasting immune protection against the flu virus. The innate immunity present in humans due to initial exposure to the influenza virus may affect the magnitude of immune responses by an influenza vaccine. Tempering is not needed every year. Even though there have been advances in vaccines since 2019 there is no approval for the usage of universal flu vaccine. Infectious diseases such as the human influenza virus are causing a drastic public health crisis resulting in economical strain worldwide. The presently available influenza virus vaccine is the most effective and reasonable countermeasure against both seasonal and influenza infections. Nevertheless, Hemagglutinin the main antigen of the influenza virus has very high pliability, due to viral polymerase that has high error rate and selections from immune pressure of circulating antibodies. Universal Vaccines can be defined and utilized when they show exquisite antigenic specificity, high efficiency, long-lasting, and can dramatically adapt to an incident and eliminate the pathogens. The presented review discusses current development, challenges faced obtaining proper potency of protection, precautions taken related to the use of universal flu vaccine