European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex, sensitive, and highly mobile joint. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a class of degenerative musculoskeletal conditions associated with morphologic and functional deformities. The most frequent structural cause of TMD are Internal derangement , which involves progressive slipping or displacement of a component of temporomandibular joint called articular disc. It is a piece of cartilage located between the condyle and fossa of the joint. The disc can degenerate or even tear. Because of the displacement and high mechanical need of TMJ, the internal derangement disorder often progressively worsen over time. In the mechanically demanding and biochemically active environment of the TMJ, therapeutic conservative and surgical approaches can restore joint functionality and has become a necessity.