European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Human saliva plays a crucial role infood digestion and maintaining oral hygiene. Components of saliva constituting the electrolytes, mucus, glycoproteins, enzymes, various antibacterial compounds, and gingival crevicular fluid provides the optimum condition both of oral cavity and general health. Fortunately collection of this amazing fluid is very easy and non invasive. These particular advantages only make saliva a potential diagnostic fluid. Through detailed analysis, an array of salivary proteins and peptides found which may be beneficial as biomarkers in oral and systemic diseases. So by this review, we discuss the importance of human salivary proteomes and tabulate the recent salivary biomarkers found in subjects with acute myocardial infarction and other systemic disease. Since acute myocardial infarction contributes to large cases of mortality worldwide,especially in a clinical setting, an early detection using these biomarkers can provide an effective solution to decrease the global heart attack incidence particularly among the high-risk group of type-2 diabetes mellitus patients. Currentchallenges in saliva collection are also mentioned which need to be improved, resulting in better quality of saliva samples and produce biomarkers for future use in clinical applications.