European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Viral infection like Hepatitis B is a major global health issue and also for death it is a
leading cause.[1] Over 1,00,000 die annually because of the disease related with Hepatitis B
infection and in India Hepatitis B carries about 40 millions [2]. Employees in health care are at
higher risk of exposure to infection by percutaneous injury (e.g. needle stick, cut with sharps) [3]
HBV workplace exposure rises in millions of health care personnel and it is estimated that they
experience from 600,000 to 8, 00,000 cut and puncture injuries every year [4]. Since blood
contains the highest HBV titres and acts as an essential mode of virus transmission in people
who are not vaccinated. The illness can be spread even after a single incident of needle stick
infection and even 0.00001 ml of blood [5]. The seroprevalence of HBV in health care
professionals are four times higher than the general public. While it is a transmissible virus, it is
also one of the diseases preventable by full vaccination.[6]