European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

The concept of nanocoatings was given by Chai et al., 1995 so as to enhance the mechanical as well as biological properties of Hap (hydroxapetite). This material does not have ideal mechanical properties and due to its bulk porosity, HAp can’t be used to take up load, and is therefore used for coating for utilizing its ductility of the substrate level. One can increase the mechanical properties of HAp by forming HAp nanocoatings. It can be achieved when HAp is united with other nanoscale based materials as secondary phase. Thin films of polymer(biodegradable) with gentamicin have been mixed to function as ‘composite coatings’ for metallic implants as well as devices which fix fractures to keep away from infections associated with implants. Calcium phosphate can imitate structure as well as composition of bone mineral called normal hydroxyapatite (HAp). Thus, it becomes a perfect alternative when thinking of an appropriate biomaterial in order to replace and imitate bone such as in case of an implant. Calcium phosphate has a special consideration on its introduction in the dental fields as it is chemically similar to bone of a human being, especially in terms of its characteristics of dissolution which enables the growth as well as regeneration in bones. Calcium phosphate nanocomposite coatings are merged with other materials which are micro or nanosized which increases its mechanical properties. Development of a newer generation of nanocomposite coating is recently being known which have nanomaterials like bioglass, carbon nanotubes as well as collagen to enhance ‘osseointegration’. The initiative of nanocoatings and nanocomposites is to develop the biological and mechanical properties of calcium phosphate and alter properties related to surface of implants which are used in dentistry to speed up the process of healing and thus nanocoatings are being introduced in dentistry