European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

In late 2019, a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) evolved in Wuhan city of China, which rapidly surfaced across the globe conducing to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The SARS-CoV-2 infection may progress from mild to severe and critically state, however a plethora of cases are either asymptomatic or mild. An excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines delineates the severity of the disease and the condition is called as the cytokine storm. The multiplication of the virus and depletion of T cells up-regulates the macrophages and monocytes to generate the cytokine storm. Tremendous efforts are being made to unearth an effective and efficient therapeutic strategy to contain the pandemic. These attempts are focused on discovering a vaccine, virus elimination, interrupting the virus-host interaction or host modulations and many of them have demonstrated good clinical prognosis. The delivery approach of a potential drug is also pivotal into the bargain. Drug administration off target will not only deteriorate the ability but also delay the mechanism of action of that molecule. Synthetic nanosilicates (Laponite XLG) nanoparticles possesses a dichotic charge that makes them a classic drug carrier for targeted and sustained drug release. However, drug delivery into the lungs using only nanosilicates may be ineffective, as these particles will be cleared off from the pulmonary passage due their Nano size. Therefore, a mucoadhesive polymer like chitosan may serve as a secondary carrier to the drug loaded nanosilicates and can deliver the molecules at the targeted biological site. This nano-in-micro drug delivery system may tailor the therapeutic modality of SARS-CoV-2 infection and establish good clinical outcomes