European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Seizures are symptoms that are temporary and sudden as a result of abnormal electrical
activity in the brain. Seizures can be caused by various conditions, for example, epilepsy,
fever, hypoglycemia, hypoxia, hypotension, brain tumors, meningitis, electrolyte
imbalance, and drug overdose. Severe and acute electrolyte disturbances cause
neurological deficits such as seizures, which may be the sole presenting
symptom. Electrolytes are compounds in a solution that dissociate into particles with a
positive (cation) or negative (anion) charge. Most of the metabolic processes require and
are affected by electrolytes. Electrolyte imbalances are common in clinical practice and the
diagnosis is confirmed by laboratory tests. Seizures are common in patients with
hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesia. Tonic-clonic seizures or other types can
be found due to these electrolyte disturbances. Hypo or hyperkalemia can also cause
seizures, but it is very rare. These electrolyte disturbances can trigger epileptic areas in the
brain. Central nervous system disorders due to electrolyte imbalance are reversible.
However, if this is not treated immediately it will cause permanent brain damage