European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background and Aim: Crestal bone is a routine phenomenon around newly installed implant in the jaw bone. It shows different pattern as per patients habits and oral hygiene. Many clinical approaches have been discussed over the years to deal with this issue. Severe bone loss can eventually lead to implant mobility and exfoliation. The sole
endeavour of present study was to assess peri-implant bone loss in implant supported over dentures patients. It was completed utilizing cone beam computed tomography. Materials & Methods: Firstly, twenty new completely edentulous patients were selected from the regular opd of the department. Complete dentures were fabricated by usual manner. Two implants were decided to be placed in the bilateral canine regions in the mandibular arch. Standard osteotomy procedures were utilized for it. Authors planned to evaluate crestal bone losses around these implants. All four surfaces (mesial, distal, buccal, lingual) of implants were analyzed for bone loss at different time intervals. Bone losses were estimated after two months, four months and six months. Group one, group two and group three implants included in which crestal bone loss around all surfaces evaluated after two
months, four months and six months respectively. Cone beam computed tomography was used to calculate bone levels around each implant at the time period of two months, four months and six months. Informed consent was taken from the patients. Statistical Analysis and Results: Statistical analysis was done by statistical software Statistical Package for the  Social Sciences (SPSS). The resultant data was sent to suitable statistical tests to achieve p values, mean, standard deviation, standard error an 95% CI. P ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. All patients were further separated into five age groups. 2 patients were selected in the age range of 45-52 years. P value was not significant here. 4 patients were noticed in the age range of 52-58 years. P value was not significant for this age group. Total nine patients were identified in the age range of 59-65 years. Level of significance evaluation by pearson chi-square test [for group I and group III] shown significant values of p for all four studied surfaces [mesial, distal, buccal, lingual].Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, authors concluded that there was obvious crestal bone loss around the implant surfaces. These losses were identified in all three time intervals of study. Relative crestal bone loss was minimum in the first two months on implant placement and maximum in the first six months on the implant placement. Authors also noticed significant differences in bone losses in first two and first six month of implant placement. However, CBCT assessment also verified that this relative increase of bone loss in six months was very minute.