European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: Pancytopenia is characterized by a decreased number of at least two blood cell
lines. The clinical features depend upon both of the underlying disease process as well as
relate to the blood cell lineages affected. Hence; the present study was undertaken for
assessing the profile of patients with pancytopenia.
Materials & methods: A total of 20 patients with pancytopenia were enrolled. Complete
demographic and clinical details of all the patients were recorded. Thorough history of all the
patients was obtained. Blood samples of all the patients were obtained. Diagnosis of
pancytopenia was established. Clinical profile of all the patients was recorded. All the results
were analysed by SPSS software version. Chi square test was used for assessment of level of
significance P value of less than 0 05 were taken as significant.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 40.3 years. 60 percent of the patients were males while
the remaining were females. Generalized weakness and pallor was seen in 100 percent of the
patients while fever and bleeding was seen in 60 percent and 15 percent of the patients.
Reticulocyte count was ≤ 0.5%, 0.6 to 1% and 1.1 to 2% in 25 percent, 50 percent and 25
percent of the patients respectively. Hypercellular bone marrow, Hypocellular bone marrow
and Normocellular bone marrow was seen in 80 percent, 15 percent and 5 percent of the
patients respectively. Megaloblastic anaemia was the cause of pancytopenia in 60 percent of
the patients while aplastic anaemia and sepsis was the cause in 15 percent and 10 percent of
the patients respectively
Conclusion: Bone marrow examinations, aspiration cytology or biopsy are important tool for
diagnosis of pancytopenia. Underlying cause and severity of disease determine the outcome
of pancytopenia.