European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

The body of calves has high lability, the formation of its resistance and adaptive abilities are most expedient in the early stages of ontogenesis, but if the feeding, care, and maintenance conditions do not meet the requirements of the organism, animals are forced to adapt to these conditions, primarily due to increased energy costs. At the same time, the processes of all links of the metabolism are disturbed and the resistance to diseases decreases. The article presents the classification of antenatal hypotrophy of calves based on the criteria for assessing the state of clinical and zootechnical status and changes in the morphological and biochemical parameters of the blood of sick animals. A method for correcting the energy status of newborn calves with prenatal hypotrophy using carnitine chloride is described. Antenatal malnutrition is the pathology of the fetus, manifested by a violation of its development and arising as a pathophysiological reaction to an inadequate supply of the fetus with oxygen, nutritional and biologically active substances, or in violation of their digestibility. A comparative study of the effectiveness of the correction of metabolic disorders in calves with postnatal hypotrophy with a 10% solution of the transmitochondrial fatty acid transporter carnitine chloride at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day was carried out. The material for the study was the Holstein-Friesian calves from birth to 14 days. All calves were similar in age, body weight and were in the same conditions of housing, feeding, and care. Calves with signs of prenatal malnutrition were divided into 2 groups: experimental and control 6 animals each. The use of a 10% solution of carnitine chloride in hypotrophic calves restores the level of glucose, the main source of energy in the body, and inorganic phosphorus used for various phosphorylation processes to form adenosine triphosphate (ATP), stabilizes anabolic, transport, and catabolic processes, which together alleviate the condition of the newborn's body young with malnutrition. The recommended therapeutic approach leads to the stabilization of the energy-deficient state by optimizing the hemorrhological composition of the blood, the glucose content of the basic energy source in the body, and inorganic phosphorus used for various phosphorylation processes, reducing stress in the anaerobic metabolism system and forming reserve macroergic substrates. The implemented therapeutic measures allow, in the body of calves-hypotrophic, to restore nutritional status.